Perbedaan penggunaan “in order to” dengan “in order (that)”

Beberapa pertanyaan yang masuk ke email saya menanyakan perbedaan penggunaan “in order to” dengan “in order (that)“. Tulisan ini mencoba menjawab pertanyaan tersebut.

In order to dan in order (that) sama-sama digunakan untuk mengekspresikan tujuan dan keduanya sama-sama berarti agar atau untuk. Namun demikian, penggunaannya dalam kalimat sangat berbeda.

A. Penggunaan “in order to”

In order to selalu diikuti oleh verb1, seperti terlihat pada formula berikut:

Subject + verb + object + in order to + verb1 + object…

In order to + verb1 + object, subject + verb + object

Contoh:

1. We should study hard in order to pass the exam. (Kita harus belajar keras agar lulus ujian).
2. Many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening in order to avoid traffic jam. (Banyak orang di Jakarta memutuskan untuk pulang kantor agak malam untuk menghindari kemacetan lalu lintas).
3. He works very hard in order to be able to support his family. (Dia bekerja sangat keras agar dapat mensuport keluarganya).

Dengan menggunakan pola pada baris kedua, ketiga kalimat di atas dapat ditulis menjadi:

1. In order to pass the exam, we should study hard . (Agar lulus ujian, kita harus belajar keras ).
2. In order to avoid traffic jam, many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening . (Untuk menghindari kemacetan lalu lintas, banyak orang di Jakarta memutuskan untuk pulang kantor agak malam).
3. In order to be able to support his family, he works very hard . (Agar dapat mensuport keluarganya, dia bekerja sangat keras ).

B. Penggunaan “in order (that)”

In order atau in order that selalu diikuti oleh clause (S + V), seperti terlihat pada formula berikut:

Subject + verb + object + in order (that) + subject + verb1 + object…

In order (that) + subject + verb1 + object, subject + verb + object

Contoh:

1. We should study hard in order we pass the exam. Atau, We should study hard in order that we pass the exam. (Kita harus belajar keras agar kita lulus ujian).
2. Many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening in order they avoid traffic jam. Atau, Many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening in order that they avoid traffic jam. (Banyak orang di Jakarta memutuskan untuk pulang kantor agak malam agar mereka terhindar dari kemacetan lalu lintas).
3. He works very hard in order he is able to support his family. Atau, He works very hard in order that he is able to support his family. (Dia bekerja sangat keras agar dia dapat mensuport keluarganya).

Dengan menggunakan pola pada baris kedua, ketiga kalimat di atas juga dapat ditulis menjadi:

1. In order we pass the exam, we should study hard . Atau, In order that we pass the exam, we should study hard. (Agar kita lulus ujian, kita harus belajar keras).
2. In order they avoid traffic jam, many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening . Atau, In order that they avoid traffic jam, many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening. (Agar mereka terhindar dari kemacetan lalu lintas, banyak orang di Jakarta memutuskan untuk pulang kantor agak malam).
3. In order he is able to support his family, he works very hard . Atau, In order that he is able to support his family, he works very hard . (Agar dia dapat mensuport keluarganya, dia bekerja sangat keras).

C. Penggunaan “in order + for object pronoun/noun + to”

Kedua pola di atas (A & B) dapat dimodifikasi menjadi :

Subject + verb + object + in order + for + object pronoun/noun + to + verb1 + object

In order + for + object pronoun/noun + to + verb1 + object, subject + verb + object

Contoh:

1. We should study hard in order for us to pass the exam. (Kita harus belajar keras agar kita lulus ujian).
2. Many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening in order for them to avoid traffic jam. (Banyak orang di Jakarta memutuskan untuk pulang kantor agak malam agar mereka terhindar dari kemacetan lalu lintas).
3. He works very hard in order for him to be able to support his family. (Dia bekerja sangat keras agar dia dapat mensuport keluarganya).

Dengan menggunakan pola pada baris kedua, ketiga kalimat di atas dapat ditulis menjadi:

1. In order for us to pass the exam, we should study hard . (Agar kita lulus ujian, kita harus belajar keras ).
2. In order for them to avoid traffic jam, many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening . (Agar mereka terhindar dari kemacetan lalu lintas, banyak orang di Jakarta memutuskan untuk pulang kantor agak malam).
3. In order for him to be able to support his family, he works very hard . (Agar dia dapat mensuport keluarganya, dia bekerja sangat keras ).

D. “In order to + verb1″ vs “to + verb1″

Apakah “in order” pada pola A dapat dihilangkan sehingga tinggal infinitive-nya saja?
Ya, bahkan penggunaan infinitive lebih sering digunakan. (Lihat Infinitives dan Penggunaannya).
Contoh:

1. We should study hard to pass the exam. (Kita harus belajar keras agar lulus ujian).
2. Many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening to avoid traffic jam. (Banyak orang di Jakarta memutuskan untuk pulang kantor agak malam untuk menghindari kemacetan lalu lintas).
3. He works very hard to be able to support his family. (Dia bekerja sangat keras agar dapat mensuport keluarganya).

Jika infinitivenya diletakkan di depan, kalimatnya menjadi:

1. To pass the exam, we should study hard . (Agar lulus ujian, kita harus belajar keras ).
2. To avoid traffic jam, many people in Jakarta decide to leave their office late in the evening . (Untuk menghindari kemacetan lalu lintas, banyak orang di Jakarta memutuskan untuk pulang kantor agak malam).
3. To be able to support his family, he works very hard . (Agar dapat mensuport keluarganya, dia bekerja sangat keras ).